Abstract
The specificity of activated carbon (AC) can be targeted by pretreatment of the precursors and/or activation conditions. Piassava (Leopoldinia piassaba and Attalea funifera Martius) are fibrous palms used to make brushes, and other products. Consolidated harvest and production residues provide economic feasibility for producing AC, a value-added product from forest and industrial residues. Corona electrical discharge and extraction pretreatments prior to AC activation were investigated to determine benefits from residue pretreatment. The resulting AC samples were characterized using elemental analyses and FTIR and tested for efficacy using methylene blue and phenol. All resulting AC had good adsorbent properties. Extraction as a pretreatment improved functionality in AC properties over Corona electrical discharge pretreatment. Due to higher lignin content, AC from L. piassaba had better properties than that from A. funifera.
Highlights
Activated carbons (ACs) are widely used in many environmental remediation processes because of their high adsorption capacity
The results found in this work, for the chemical composition of BP-Un, agree with those obtained by Schuchardt et al [21], who found values of 0.8, 0.7, 45.0, 28.6 and 25.8 for ash, extractives, lignin (Klason), cellulose and hemicellulose, respectively
ACs prepared from Amazon and Bahia piassava fibers, with and without pretreatment, by physical activation with CO2 have potential for use as adsorbent
Summary
Activated carbons (ACs) are widely used in many environmental remediation processes because of their high adsorption capacity. ACs can remove a wide variety of pollutants in aqueous environments by having large surface presence of functional groups with affinities for various adsorbates [1]. The use of ACs in effluent purification improved the taste, smell, color, UV absorbance and oxidability of treated water [2]. Various raw materials, including wood, bone, coconut shells, coconut endocarp, sugarcane bagasse and fruit seeds [3,4] have been used to produce ACs with different characteristics. The choice of precursors and activation conditions make it possible to design ACs for specific applications [5]. All carbonaceous feedstock has the potential to be used for AC manufacture but not all are economically feasible mostly because of the expense of gathering and transporting the feedstock if left in the field
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