Abstract
Genetic and evolutionary analysis formalizes the existence of three families of voltage-gated calcium channels CaV1, CaV2, and CaV3, with members that correspond well to previous classifications of L-type (CaV1), P-type (CaV2.1), N-type (CaV2.2), R-type (CaV2.3), and T-type (CaV3) made on the basis of biophysical and pharmacological properties. Members of all three families can gate small synaptic-vesicle (SV) fusion at transmitter release sites; however, at fast-transmitting synapses between axon terminals and their target cells, this function is performed almost exclusively by members of the CaV2 family.
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