Abstract
Explosive atmospheres can be caused by gases, vapours, mists, dust, lint or fibres of flammable substance. If enough substance and air are mixed, the imminence of an explosion depends on probability and efficiency of the ignition source. Hazardous areas classified in sectors must be protected from ignition sources. Equipment and protective systems intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres should be selected to meet the appropriate requirements for protective equipment and systems. The current paper aims to identify opportunities for standardization of pressurized equipment. The first part of the paper presents the risk of explosion associated with the presence of flammable substances and protection against explosions. The concept and opportunities of using pressurization are described in the second part of the paper. The third part refers to considerations regarding size and shape of pressurized equipment. A synthesis of pressurized equipment’s offer - dimensions, shape and functional role, is presented in the last part of the paper. Among the conclusions the existence of a gauge profile that depends on purpose, volume, operating position and assembly of the equipment, was mentioned.
Highlights
Explosion hazards may occur in all activities involving flammable substances which, when mixed with air, may form an explosive atmosphere and may include many of the raw materials, intermediates and wastes from production processes
Analysis of width value distribution for the sample of pressurized housings highlights the fact that most pressurized housings have a width between 100 and 300 mm, but there are housings that have a width of 1000 mm (Fig. 5)
Analysis of the distribution of height values for the sample of pressurized housings highlights the fact that most of the pressurized housings have a height of around 200 mm, but there are housings that have a width of 1000 mm (Fig. 6)
Summary
Explosion hazards may occur in all activities involving flammable substances which, when mixed with air, may form an explosive atmosphere and may include many of the raw materials, intermediates and wastes from production processes. An essential element in assessing the risk of explosions in workplaces where explosive atmospheres may occur is represented by personal protective equipment and installations which must be designed, manufactured, installed and maintained in a manner that cannot generate ignition sources. Assessment and testing of equipment representing part of an explosion-proof system [4], for certification, shall take into account the risk of explosions which must be minimized in order to ensure safety and health of human life and to prevent damage of goods and last, but not least, to prevent damage to the environment. In accordance with the ATEX Directive 2014/34 / EU [5] transposed into national legislation by GD 1058/2006, involves technical and organizational implementation of the following steps: preventing the occurrence of explosive atmospheres by using ventilation and monitoring systems; preventing ignition of explosive atmospheres by using explosion proof equipment and preventing the aggravation of explosions’ consequences by using protective systems
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