Pressure transmission and distribution under denture bases using denture teeth with different materials and cuspal angulations

Abstract

Pressure transmission and distribution under denture bases may be variable depending on the different materials and cuspal angulations of denture teeth. The purpose of this study was to evaluate pressure transmission and distribution under impact load using denture teeth made with different materials and cuspal angulations. Three types (acrylic resin, microfilled composite resin, and ceramic) and 4 different cuspal angulations (0 degree, 20 degree, 33 degree, and 35 degree) of denture teeth were evaluated. Pressure transmission, distribution, and maximum pressure (n=10) were observed with pressure-sensitive sheets under an impact load. Data were statistically analyzed with 2-way ANOVA (α=.05) to determine significant interactions between denture tooth materials and cuspal angulations with respect to pressure transmission, followed by 1-way ANOVA (α=.05) to examine how materials and angulations jointly affected the pressure. Two 1-way ANOVAs were performed on the acrylic resin and ceramic denture teeth with the inclusion of 20-degree denture teeth groups. Tukey HSD and Tamhane's post hoc tests were used to evaluate data differences among groups. Denture tooth materials and cuspal angulations had significant interactions with respect to average pressure (P<.001) and maximum pressure transmission (P=.007). Zero-degree denture teeth showed significantly lower average and maximum pressures than 33- and 35-degree denture teeth for all 3 denture tooth materials (P<.001). Denture teeth with greater cuspal angulations demonstrated significantly higher average pressure transmission for all ceramic denture teeth groups (P<.05). Pressure transmission and distribution varied among denture teeth made of different materials and with different cuspal angulations. Cusped denture teeth presented significantly higher average pressure and maximum pressure transmission compared to 0-degree denture teeth.