Abstract
ABSTRACTWe evaluated the effect of high hydrostatic pressure on mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) and mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells. Hydrostatic pressures of 15, 30, 60, and 90 MPa were applied for 10 min, and changes in gene expression were evaluated. Among genes related to mechanical stimuli, death-associated protein 3 was upregulated in MEF subjected to 90 MPa pressure; however, other genes known to be upregulated by mechanical stimuli did not change significantly. Genes related to cell differentiation did not show a large change in expression. On the other hand, genes related to pluripotency, such as Oct4 and Sox2, showed a twofold increase in expression upon application of 60 MPa hydrostatic pressure for 10 min. Although these changes did not persist after overnight culture, cells that were pressurized to 15 MPa showed an increase in pluripotency genes after overnight culture. When mouse ES cells were pressurized, they also showed an increase in the expression of pluripotency genes. These results show that hydrostatic pressure activates pluripotency genes in mammalian cells. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Highlights
Mechanosensing is a biogenic function across biological species from bacteria to higher organisms
In order to investigate the effect of pressure stimuli on cells, we observed the morphology and gene expression of mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) and mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells under high hydrostatic pressure
Application of hydrostatic pressure on fibroblasts To investigate the effect of high pressure on a somatic cell, MEFs were harvested by trypsin treatment and hydrostatic pressures of 15, 30, 60, and 90 MPa were applied in the non-attached state
Summary
Mechanosensing is a biogenic function across biological species from bacteria to higher organisms. In order to investigate the effect of pressure stimuli on cells, we observed the morphology and gene expression of mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) and mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells under high hydrostatic pressure. These results show the possibility of hydrostatic pressure treatment in mammalian cells for gene expression control.
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