Abstract
The consolidation behavior of nanometer-sized particles at 20–800 nm was examined using a pressure filtration apparatus at a constant compressive rate. The relation of applied pressure (ΔPt)–volume of dehydrated filtrate (Vf) was compared with the established filtration theory for the well-dispersed suspension. The theory was effective in the early stage of the filtration but deviation between the experiment and the theory started when ΔPt exceeded a critical pressure (ΔPtc). It was found that this deviation is associated with the phase transition from a dispersed suspension to a flocculated suspension at ΔPtc. The factors affecting ΔPtc are the ζ potential, concentration, and size of the particles. Based on the colloidal phase transition, a new filtration theory was developed to explain the ΔPt–ht (height of suspension) relation for a flocculated suspension. Good agreement was shown between the developed theory and experimental results.
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