Abstract
Total fluid on hydraulic energy in a given chamber is the sum of potential on pressure energy, kinetic or flow energy and gravitational potential energy. The latter is equal in all chambers of the heart in the supine position, the position of the patient during cardiac catheterization, and therefore is ignored throughout the presentation. The kinetic energy forms a greaten proportion of the total energy in the right side of the heart”2 ( pressure in the pulmonary artery [PA] is only one-sixth that in the aorta but the kinetic energy is similar in magnitude in both vessels ) and therefore, the kinetic energy component of the total fluid energy is more important in the night side of the heart. The importance of kinetic energy is increased if flow velocity is increased as in left-to-night shunt lesions, after exercise, on after administration of isoproterenol. In the right ventricle ( RV ), the recorded pressure represents the total energy. In the PA, partial transformation into kinetic energy results in recorded PA pressure representing only a fraction of the total energy. Ordinarily used catheters do not record the total energy : a side-hole catheter ( NIH type ) records
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