Preserved solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) at low concentrations do cause neither direct nor indirect cytotoxic effects in peritoneal macrophages

Abstract

In order to investigate the interaction of preserved solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) with murine peritoneal macrophages (MØ), cytotoxicity and proinflammatory effects of two different solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) preparations consisting of either compritol (CO) or cetyl palmitate (CP) preserved with thiomersal were analyzed. Concentration-dependent cytotoxic effects were observed using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Secretion of interleukin-6 by MØ following incubation with CO and CP SLN did not differ from secretion by untreated cells; proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-12 and tumor-necrosis-factor-α as further indicators of immunomodulatory effects were not detectable. These findings paralleled our previous findings that unpreserved CO and CP SLN did not induce immunomodulatory effects but cytotoxicity at higher concentrations. There were no synergistic cytotoxic effects of preservative and SLN. Thus, preservation of SLN using thiomersal does not appear to cause increased cytotoxicity and immunomodulatory effects following incubation with MØ.