Abstract
A critical size bone defect may arise due to severe trauma or tumors where a large portion of the bone is removed. In some instances, autografts cannot be used for filling such large defects. Allografts may be used to reconstruct large bone defects, but these grafts may not incorporate in the healing response. Consequently, it is still a challenge for reconstructive surgery to reconstruct large bone defects. A variety of treatment strategies have been progressed to promote the healing response and close the bone defects. Micro and nano particles (MNPs) technology is a newer option than traditional grafts, which may defeat many limitations of the bone graft usage. However, there are still no well approved treatment strategies to override all the expected requirements. Due to the existence of variety strategies for treatment of critical size bone defects, this impartial review, highlights on the techniques and strategies that have been accomplished to anatomize the complicated treatment problems of large bone defect healing, the limitations of therapeutic relevant biodegradable materials, and service the regeneration of large bone defects.
Highlights
A critical size bone defect is a large void in a bone whereby the bone cannot heal itself naturally [1]
Allografts may be used to reconstruct large bone defects, but these grafts may not incorporate in the healing response; it may be absorbed by the rejection
Micro and Nano particles (MNPs) technology is a newer option than traditional grafts, which may defeat many limitations of the bone graft usage
Summary
A critical size bone defect is a large void in a bone whereby the bone cannot heal itself naturally [1]. Considering the large number of local complications and the unpredictable nature of the radiological and histological outcome xenografting should be discontinued [8]. It is still a challenge for reconstructive surgery to reconstruct large bone defects. Due to the existence of variety strategies for treatment of critical size bone defects, this impartial review, highlights on the techniques and strategies that have been accomplished to anatomize the complicated treatment problems of large bone defect healing, the limitations of therapeutic relevant biodegradable materials, and service the regeneration of large bone defects
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