Presence of Serum Ferritin before and after Bariatric Surgery: Analysis in Dentate and Edentulous Patients.

Gerson Aparecido Foratori,Elinton Adami Chaim,Victor Mosquim,Reginaldo Ceneviva,Silvia Helena De Carvalho Sales Peres,Matheus De Carvalho Sales Peres,Francisco Juliherme Pires De Andrade

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0164084

Gerson Aparecido Foratori, Elinton Adami Chaim + Show 5 more

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https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0164084

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Abstract

Society has changed its own lifestyle, specially its eating habits and physical activities, leading to excessive weight and a sedentary behavior, which has contributed to obesity increase. Bariatric surgery is the most effective treatment to obesity, allowing weight loss and its maintenance. However, it has been related high levels of iron deficiency after surgery. A person’s nutritional status might be affected by total or partial tooth loss. The aim of this longitudinal prospective cohort study was to evaluate the levels of serum ferritin before and after bariatric surgery and to identify if there is a relation with tooth loss. The sample was composed of 50 patients selected and assisted at Amaral Carvalho Hospital, located in Jaú city, Brazil. The use and necessity of prosthesis, dental absence or presence, and serum ferritin dosage were evaluated. Student’s t test, Univariate analysis, Chi-square and Odds Ratio were adopted (p<0.05). There was no significant difference regarding the serum ferritin levels between dentate and edentulous patients prior to surgery (p = 0.436). After surgery, the serum ferritin levels were higher in edentulous patients (prosthesis users) when compared to the pre-surgical levels, and the post-surgical levels presented significant difference regarding the dentate patients (p = 0.024). It can be concluded that rehabilitated patients in postoperative period showed better levels of serum ferritin after surgical intervention.

Highlights

The change in eating patterns, characterized by a high-calorie diet and reduction of complex carbohydrate and fiber intake, combined with a sedentary lifestyle have been comprehended as a key factor to obesity increase.Obesity is a chronic disease that has reached pandemic proportions
Bariatric surgery is the surgical treatment for obesity, which in turn reduces weight and to maintain its loss by restricting the intake and/or malabsorption of food [7]. This intervention has been proposed to patients with Body Mass Index (BMI) higher than 40kg/m2 or higher than 35kg/m2 associated to comorbidities, such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, type II diabetes, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), among others
Considering that edentulism adversely affects the nutritional status of patients, and that both morbid obese and bariatric patients may have serious oral consequences, this present study aimed to evaluate the serum ferritin levels before and after bariatric surgery in order to identify the relation with tooth loss in these patients

Summary

Introduction

Obesity is a chronic disease that has reached pandemic proportions. This condition has been recognized as one of the main public health challenges [1], being related to important socioeconomic problems [2]. According to researches performed in the United States between 2013 and 2014, 70.7% of adults aged 20 or more are overweight, and 37.9% of that same group is obese [5]. In Brazil, according to Vigitel there was an increase in the number of people with excessive weight compared to 2006: 52.5% of Brazilian are overweight, whilst this percentage was 43% in 2006 and, still, 17.9% of the population is obese [6]

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