Abstract

Corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), and fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), are important pests in sweet corn. Our objectives were to assess the occurrence of the Lepidopteran species affecting sweet corn in Puerto Rico, and to evaluate the efficacy of 9 insecticides to control larvae of corn earworm and fall armyworm. Spodoptera frugiperda was observed in all plant stages, whereas H. zea and Diatraea saccharalis (F.) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) affected only ears. Larvae of corn earworm and fall armyworm were susceptible (mortality > 80% at 96 h) to Steinernema carpocapsae (Weiser) (Nematoda: Steinernematidae) + oil and to methomyl, respectively, whereas both species were susceptible to chlorpyrifos. The LC50 values for chlorpyrifos was 248 ppm, whereas 312,500 S. carpocapsae nematodes per L + 625 ppm of rapeseed oil caused 53% of larval mortality at 120 h post-treatment for corn earworm larvae. Sumario El gusano de la mazorca del maiz, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), y el gusano cogollero, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), son plagas de importancia economica en el maiz dulce. Los objetivos de esta investigacion fueron identificar las especies de Lepidopteros que afectan el maiz dulce y evaluar la eficacia de 9 insecticidas para el control de las larvas del gusano de la mazorca y el gusano cogollero. Spodoptera frugiperda fue observado en todos los estados fenologicos del maiz mientras que H. zea y Diatraea saccharalis (F.) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) afectaron solo las mazorcas. Las larvas del gusano de la mazorca y cogollero fueron susceptibles (mortalidad sobre el 80%) a Steinernema carpocapsae (Weiser) (Nematoda: Steinernematidae) + aceite y methomyl, respectivamente; mientras que las 2 especies fueron susceptibles a chlorpyrifos. Las CL50 para chlorpyrifos fue de 248 ppm, mientras que 312,500 nematodos de S. carpocapsae por L + 625 ppm de aceite de colza causo 53% de mortalidad en larvas a las 120 h despues de la aplicacion para el gusano de la mazorca. Key Words: Helicoverpa zea (Boddie); larval mortality; lethal concentrations; Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith); vegetative and reproductive stages View this article in BioOne https://doi.org/10.1653/024.102.0228

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