Abstract
Abstract Context.—The mechanism of fibrosis is not clear in patients with obliterative bronchiolitis after a remote injury. Immune-mediated progression may be a reason. c-KIT (CD117)–positive mast cells have been associated with chronic fibrosing diseases and may potentially be treated with imatinib (Gleevec), a c-KIT blocker. Objective.—To evaluate the role of mast cells in fibrosis associated with obliterative bronchiolitis. Design.—Four cases of obliterative bronchiolitis (household cleaner exposure, ammonia exposure, idiopathic, and posttransplantation) were compared with asthma/emphysema. Small and large airways were stained for CD20, CD3, CD4, CD8, CD117, CD34, CD25, stem cell factor (c-KIT ligand) and with toluidine blue, hematoxylin-eosin, and trichrome. c-KIT (CD117)–stained slides were digitally scanned with Aperio ScanScope and stained cells within the epithelium and subepithelium of small and large airways were counted (per millimeter of basement membrane). Results.—Mast cells were concentrate...
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