Abstract
Surface Plasmon Resonance imaging (SPRi) was used to determine the presence and strength of binding of IgG, IgM and IgA against the Receptor Binding Domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 in sera of 119 CoViD-19 patients. The SPRi assay measures the antibody isotype levels and the strength of binding to the RBD of ultimate 384 patient samples in one run. It turns out that during the course of the disease, the IgG levels and strength of binding increased while generally the IgM and IgA levels go down. Recovered patients all show high strength of binding of the IgG type to the RBD protein. The anti-RBD immunoglobulins SPRi assay provides additional insights in the immune status of patients recovering from CoViD-19 and this new method can furthermore be applied for the assessment of the quality of the immune reaction of healthy individuals to SARS-CoV-2 in vaccination programs.
Highlights
Corona viruses pose serious health threats to humans and animals
Diagnostic tests of individuals, who are suspected of SARS-CoV-2 infection, mainly rely on real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction of viral genetic material collected in nasopharyngeal swabs [Chen C. et al, 2020, Vashist K.S. 2020]
Simultaneous measurement of 96 samples for anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM, IgG and IgA antibodies by Surface Plasmon Resonance imaging (SPRi) real-time measurements were performed during three concatenated in jections of anti-IgM, anti-IgG and anti-IgA
Summary
Corona viruses pose serious health threats to humans and animals. SARS-CoV-2 crossed the species barrier again and causes serious respi ratory infections in humans. Diagnostic tests of individuals, who are suspected of SARS-CoV-2 infection, mainly rely on real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) of viral genetic material collected in nasopharyngeal swabs [Chen C. et al, 2020, Vashist K.S. 2020]. In contrast to the PCR test, serologic assays demonstrate the presence of an immune reaction against the virus through detection of immunoglobulins directed against SARS-CoV-2 structural proteins [To et al, 2020; Montesinos et al, 2020]. The im mune system of a CoViD-19 patient produces antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 within days to a few weeks following viral infection [Long et al, 2020, ]. The immune reaction to corona viruses generally provides im munity via neutralizing antibodies [Yuchun et al, 2004] in the event of a second exposure to the virus and this provides the basis for vac cine development
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