Abstract
BPA has been reported to leach from some resin based dental restorative materials and materials used for orthodontic treatment. To confirm and update previous findings, especially in light of the new temporary lower threshold value for tolerable daily BPA intake, we have investigated the leaching of BPA from 4 composite filling materials, 3 sealants and 2 orthodontic bonding materials. The materials were either uncured and dissolved in methanol or cured. The cured materials were kept in deionized water for 24 hours or 2 weeks. Samples were subsequently analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS-MS). The composite filling material Tetric EvoFlow® and the fissure sealant DELTON® showed significantly higher levels of BPA leaching compared to control samples for all test conditions (uncured, 24 h leaching and 2 weeks leaching). There were no significant differences in amount of leached BPA for any of the tested materials after 24 hours compared to 2 weeks. These results show that BPA is still released from some dental materials despite the general concern about potential adverse effects of BPA. However, the amounts of BPA were relatively low and most likely represent a very small contribution to the total BPA exposure.
Highlights
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a high production volume chemical mainly used for manufacturing polycarbonate plastics, epoxy resins and methacrylate resins used in dentistry
Since the most serious effect at the lowest BPA concentration was observed in kidneys, increased focus on the kidneys of mice was used as the basis for a new threshold value for tolerable daily intake (TDI)
Bisphenol A is found in a wide variety of different consumer products including some dental materials
Summary
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a high production volume chemical mainly used for manufacturing polycarbonate plastics, epoxy resins and methacrylate resins used in dentistry. A recent review by EFSA (the European Organization for Food Safety) concluded that rats and mice exposed to BPA are likely to experience effects on the general health of liver and kidneys as well as on breast tissue in terms of increased cell growth [7]. Since the most serious effect at the lowest BPA concentration was observed in kidneys, increased focus on the kidneys of mice was used as the basis for a new threshold value for tolerable daily intake (TDI). Adverse effects on kidney are observed at about 600 micrograms per kg body weight per day. The new TDI value was lowered from 50 to 4 mg per kg body weight per day, using an uncertainty factor of 150 [7]
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