Abstract
Commercial fishing and fish farms represent important sectors in the food industry. The global demand for these products had a significant increase in the last decades, due to the growth of the population, increase in income and in urbanization. To ensure a safe product to the population, the National Plan for Control of Residues and Poisoning (PNCRC) was developed, analyzing risks in products of both fishing and farming, aiming to ensure quality in food product throughout the production chain. In this way, the current document analysis aimed to verify, through reports from 2010 to 2016, the presence of inorganic poisons in fish from farming and commercial fishing. From those reports, the number of unsatisfactory samples in regards to poisons was extracted. This study reported that only fish from commercial fishing showed sample numbers with contamination from mercury, arsenium, plumbum and cadmium, with variations from 8,61% and 25,95%. These contaminated fish shouldn’t be made available for human consumption. For this reason, the NPCRP is an important tool to manage the risks of poisoning, promoting chemical safety on food with animal origins produced in Brazil.
Highlights
According to National Law No 11.958 (BRASIL, 2009), fish meat is fish, crustaceans, molluscs, amphibians, turtles and fresh or salt water mammals
This study reported that only fish from commercial fishing showed sample numbers with contamination from mercury, arsenium, plumbum and cadmium, with variations from 8,61% and 25,95%
In aquatic environments, highly toxic metals such as plumbum, cadmium, arsenic and mercury are present as inorganic contaminants, whose origins can be natural, geological or resulting from human activities, such as domestic and industrial sewage discharges (LOPES, 2009; BANDOWE et al, 2014)
Summary
According to National Law No 11.958 (BRASIL, 2009), fish meat is fish, crustaceans, molluscs, amphibians, turtles and fresh or salt water mammals. The domestic market consumes about two-thirds of the production of several agribusiness products, besides being increasingly demanding regarding the food quality of the product and the environmental consequences related to its production (REGATTIERI et al, 2007; GALVÃO, 2011; CONTINI et al, 2012) In this sense, the product resulting from the national fishing activity (withdrawal of fish resources from the natural environment) and from aquaculture (cultivation of aquatic organisms, usually in a confined and controlled space) must keep its organoleptic and sanitary characteristics for human consumption. In aquatic environments, highly toxic metals such as plumbum, cadmium, arsenic and mercury are present as inorganic contaminants, whose origins can be natural, geological or resulting from human activities, such as domestic and industrial sewage discharges (LOPES, 2009; BANDOWE et al, 2014). This accumulation of contaminants in the aquatic environment is a concerning, as fish are contaminated through ingestion and bioaccumulation and human beings, in a tertiary manner, have their health exposed to a series of diseases, causing risks to human health (SOUZA et al, 2013)
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