Abstract
Antimicrobial drug resistance is a serious health hazard driven by overuse. Administration of antimicrobial drugs to HIV-exposed, uninfected infants, a population that is growing and at high risk for infection, is poorly studied. We therefore analyzed factors associated with antibacterial drug administration to HIV-exposed, uninfected infants during their first year of life. Our study population was 2,152 HIV-exposed, uninfected infants enrolled in the Breastfeeding, Antiretrovirals and Nutrition study in Lilongwe, Malawi, during 2004-2010. All infants were breastfed through 28 weeks of age. Antibacterial drugs were prescribed frequently (to 80% of infants), and most (67%) of the 5,329 prescriptions were for respiratory indications. Most commonly prescribed were penicillins (43%) and sulfonamides (23%). Factors associated with lower hazard for antibacterial drug prescription included receipt of cotrimoxazole preventive therapy, receipt of antiretroviral drugs, and increased age. Thus, cotrimoxazole preventive therapy may lead to fewer prescriptions for antibacterial drugs for these infants.
Highlights
In support of improving patient care, this activity has been planned and implemented by Medscape, LLC and Emerging Infectious Diseases
Determine the factors associated with antibiotic usage in the first year of life among 2,152 HEU infants who were breast-fed through 28 weeks of age, based on an analysis from the BAN Study
Evaluate the clinical implications of antibiotic usage in the first year of life among 2,152 HEU infants who were breast-fed through 28 weeks of age, based on an analysis from the BAN Study
Summary
In support of improving patient care, this activity has been planned and implemented by Medscape, LLC and Emerging Infectious Diseases. LLC designates this Journal-based CME activity for a maximum of 1.00 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit(s)TM. Assess antibiotic usage in the first year of life among 2,152 HIV-exposed, uninfected (HEU) infants who were breast-fed through 28 weeks of age, based on an analysis from the Breastfeeding, Antiretrovirals and Nutrition (BAN) Study. Determine the factors associated with antibiotic usage in the first year of life among 2,152 HEU infants who were breast-fed through 28 weeks of age, based on an analysis from the BAN Study. Evaluate the clinical implications of antibiotic usage in the first year of life among 2,152 HEU infants who were breast-fed through 28 weeks of age, based on an analysis from the BAN Study. Disclosure: Laurie Barclay, MD, has disclosed the following relevant financial relationships: owns stock, stock options, or bonds from Pfizer
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