Abstract
This paper focuses on the historical record of Scottish missionaries and subsequently the Church of Central Africa, Presbyterian in relation to government in Malawi. It considers their relationship to the colonial government, reactions to the Central African Federation and then to the increasing authoritarianism of Hastings Banda. Over the whole century between Harry Johnston's declaration of a British Protectorate over Malawi in 1891 and the issuing of the Catholic Bishops' Pastoral Letter in 1992 the churches have often provided the most effective civil opposition to the extremes of government. In the early colonial period this opposition came most actively from the Scottish missionaries of both the Blantyre and Livingstonia missions.
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