Presacral developmental cysts

Abstract

Developmental presacral or retrorectal cysts are extremely rare congenital tumors that arise from primitive embryonal germ cell layers. Classification is based on histopathologic features, and cysts are accordingly defined as epidermoid, dermoid, or enteric cysts. These lesions are commonly asymptomatic or present with vague pelvic symptoms, which may cause a delay in accurate diagnosis and treatment. Complications such as infection, bleeding, and malignant degeneration occur and warrant intervention. A degree of suspicion, thorough physical examination, and appropriate radiographic imaging provide information to develop a management plan with surgical intervention as the treatment of choice.