Presa ”Anilor de foc”: Secvențe din jurnalismul Primului Război Mondial / The media during the ”Years of Fire”

Abstract

The present study aims to be a blueprint of media''s development within the Romanian Kingdom during The First World War. We''re pursuing here the media''s appearance privileging war topics, pleading for military alliances and/ or neutrality and for the reduction of newspapers and journals'' number since Romania entered the war, and also introducing the censorship over all forms of public knowledge and communication. It may be concluded that the editorial schemes take no more into acount ideologies, but political and military alliances both during the neutrality years and military confrontation. After the occupation of the southern Romania by the German, Austro-Hungarian and Bulgarian troopes, the central administration of the state along with the royal family and a large number of editorial offices relocate to the north-eastern Iași city. Meanwhile, in Bucharest are tolerated by the German military administration only a few pro-German publications – such as Gazeta Bucureștiului, Lumina and Seara. Other publications are also printed by the German army in the occupied cities : Kriegs-Zeitung 9 Armee (The 9th Army''s War Journal) printed in Sebeș and Râmnicu Sărat, Verordnudnugen für die Bevölkerung Rumäniens im Gebiete der Militärenverwaltung (in Bucharest), Deutsche Ausgabe des " Agrarul” (also in Bucharest), Putna-Zeitung (in Focşani), Donau Armee Zeitung (in Brăila) and others. We will also present some samples of wartime advertising, messages illustrating the poverty caused by the war (i. e. the exchange of edibles or other items). The journalists'' situation, the rethoric of hatred are also topics that we issue in this historical outline.