Pre-registration efficacy study of a novel marker vaccine against classical swine fever on maternally derived antibody positive (MDA+) target animals

Abstract

Maternally Derived Antibodies (MDA) can have a negative effect on the efficacy of live attenuated vaccines against classical swine fever (CSF). For this reason, a marker vaccine candidate CP7_E2alf was tested for its efficacy in the presence of MDA. Pregnant sows were vaccinated four weeks before farrowing with CSF virus (CSFV) strain “Thiverval”. A total of 40 piglets with MDAs were included in this study. At six weeks of age the piglets were allocated into three treatment groups using generalized randomized block design (GRBD) blocking on serological status and pen location.Of the 40 piglets with MDAs, 30 piglets were vaccinated either orally (n = 15) or intramuscularly (n = 15) with a single dose of vaccine candidate produced under Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) conditions. The ten remaining piglets were allocated into the untreated control group. All 40 piglets were oronasally challenged with 2 ml of the highly virulent CSFV strain “Koslov” 14 days after vaccination.It was revealed that presence of MDAs negatively influences the efficacy of the live marker vaccine candidate, however, the extent of this negative impact depends on the route of vaccine administration. Based on our observations, intramuscular vaccination is recommended during CSF control programs in order to develop superior immune protection.