Abstract
High-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) has been successfully used for the separation of eight compounds from Chimonanthus praecox flowers. Firstly, the crude extract of Chimonanthus praecox flowers was dissolved in a two-phase solvent system composed of petroleum ether–ethyl acetate–methanol–H2O (5:5:3:7, v/v) and divided into two parts: the upper phase (part I) and the lower phase (part II). Then, HSCCC was applied to separate the phenolic acids from part I and part II, respectively. Considering the broad polarity range of target compounds in part I, a stepwise elution mode was established. Two optimal solvent systems of petroleum ether–ethyl acetate–methanol–H2O–formic acid (FA) (5:5:3:7:0.02, 5:5:4.3:5.7:0.02, v/v) were employed in this separation. Five phenylpropanoids and two flavonoids were successfully separated from 280 mg of part I, including 8.7 mg of 3,4-dihydroxy benzoic acid (a, 95.3% purity), 10.9 mg of protocatechualdehyde (b, 96.8% purity), 11.3 mg of p-coumaric acid (c, 98.9% purity), 12.2 mg of p-hydroxybenzaldehyde (d, 95.9% purity), 24.7 mg of quercetin (e, 97.3% purity), 33.8 mg of kaempferol (f, 96.8% purity), and 24.6 mg of 4-hydroxylcinnamic aldehyde (g, 98.0% purity). From 300 mg of part II, 65.7 mg of rutin (h, 98.2% purity), 7.5 mg of 3,4-dihydroxy benzoic acid (a, 77.4% purity), and 4.7 mg of protocatechualdehyde (b, 81.6% purity) were obtained using the solvent system EtOAc–n-butanol (n-BuOH)–FA–H2O (4:1:0.5:5, v/v). The structures of the eight pure compounds were confirmed by electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR. To the best of our knowledge, compounds a–d and f were the first separated and reported from the Chimonanthus praecox flower extract.
Highlights
Chimonanthus praecox (L.) Link (Wintersweet) is a popular potted, garden, cut-flower plant and landscape-design material in most countries for its strong fragrance, long blooming period, and unique flowering time [1,2,3,4]
Coefficient (KDD) is expressed as the mass concentration of the target compound in in stationary phasedivided dividedbybythat thatininthe themobile mobilephase
The results of our study could demonstrate the following two points: (1) a preliminary purification using a suitable solvent system is necessary for the successful separation by High-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC), especially with a complicated crude sample; (2) the stepwise elution for the separation of different polarities of target compounds by HSCCC is an efficient strategy
Summary
Chimonanthus praecox (L.) Link (Wintersweet) is a popular potted, garden, cut-flower plant and landscape-design material in most countries for its strong fragrance, long blooming period, and unique flowering time [1,2,3,4]. Its flowers are important in traditional medicine in China, and have been used for the treatment of chest tightness, heatstroke, scald, bruise, and as a cough. Its flowers are important in traditional medicine in China, and have been used for the treatment of chest tightness, heatstroke, scald, bruise, and as a cough expectorant [5,6,7]. (CPF) extract improve the body’s immune function and efficiently remove O2 , OH, 1, 1-diphenyl-21-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl [8,9]. This thata CPF may play a role in anti-aging, picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) [8,9].(DPPH‚)
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