Abstract
Cobalt-modified 0.40Bi(Sc3/4In1/4)O3–0.58PbTiO3–0.02Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3 ceramics (abbreviated as BSI–PT–PMN–xCo) were produced by conventional two-step solid-state processing. The phase structure, micro structure morphology, and electrical properties of BSI–PT–PMN–xCo were systematically studied. The introduction of Co ions exerted a significant influence on the structure and electrical properties. The experiment results demonstrated that Co ions entered the B-sites of the lattice, resulting in slight lattice distortion and a smaller lattice constant. The average grain size increased from ~1.94 μm to ~2.68 μm with the increasing Co content. The optimized comprehensive electrical properties were obtained with proper Co-modified content 0.2 wt.%. The Curie temperature (Tc) was 412 °C, the piezoelectric constant (d33) was 370 pC/N, the remnant polarization (Pr) was 29.2 μC/cm2, the relatively dielectric constant (εr) was 1450, the planar electromechanical coupling coefficient (kp) was 46.5, and the dielectric loss (tanδ) was 0.051. Together with the enhanced DC resistivity of 109 Ω cm under 300 °C and good thermal stability, BSI–PT–PMN–0.2Co ceramic is a promising candidate material for high-temperature piezoelectric applications.
Highlights
Lead zirconate titanate (PZT) systems represent most of the market share of piezoelectric materials because of their excellent piezoelectric performance, simple preparation process, and low cost [1,2,3]
For the In3+ -modified, BiScO3 −xPbTiO3 (BS–PT) based solid solutions Bi(Sc3/4 In1/4 )O3 –PbTiO3 (BSI–PT), the Tc reaches 457 ◦ C, whereas the d33 reduces to only 201 pC/N [16] for the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) composition
0.2 wt.% Co ion doping, the value of the piezoelectric constant d33 at 325 °C could still x=0.0The results reveal that BSI–PT–PMN–0.2Co ceramics posreach 80% of room temperature
Summary
Lead zirconate titanate (PZT) systems represent most of the market share of piezoelectric materials because of their excellent piezoelectric performance, simple preparation process, and low cost [1,2,3]. (1−x)BiScO3 −xPbTiO3 (BS–PT) ceramics exhibit a morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) at x = 0.64, with a high Curie temperature of 450 ◦ C and excellent piezoelectric performance (d33 = 460 pC/N), comparable to commercial soft PZT ceramics [8] Later, extensive studies, such as the single-element doping [9,10,11,12,13,14,15], composition modification [16,17,18,19,20,21,22], and the introduction of a third component [23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30], focused on improving the piezoelectric, dielectric or mechanical properties of BS–PT ceramics were reported.
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