Abstract
Collagen is one of the most useful biomaterials and widely applied in functional food and cosmetics. However, some consumers have paid close attention to the safety of mammalian collagens because of the outbreaks of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), and other prion diseases. Therefore, there is a strong demand for developing alternative sources of collagen, with one promising source being from the process by-products of commercial fisheries. In this report, acid-soluble collagen (ASC-SB) and pepsin-soluble collagen (PSC-SB) from swim bladders of miiuy croaker (Miichthys miiuy) were isolated with yields of 1.33 ± 0.11% and 8.37 ± 0.24% of dry swim bladder weight. Glycine was the major amino acid present, with a content of 320.5 (ASC-SB) and 333.6 residues/1000 residues (PSC-SB). ASC-SB and PSC-SB had much lower denaturation temperatures compared to mammalian collagen, a consequence of low imino acid contents (196.7 and 199.5 residues/1000 residues for ASC-SB and PSC-SB, respectively). The data of amino acid composition, SDS-PAGE pattern, UV and FTIR spectra confirmed that ASC-SB and PSC-SB were mainly composed of type I collagen. FTIR spectra data indicated there were more hydrogen bonding and intermolecular crosslinks in ASC-SB. These collagens showed high solubility in the acidic pH ranges and low NaCl concentrations (less than 2%). The Zeta potential values of ASC-SB and PSC-SB were 6.74 and 6.85, respectively. ASC-SB and PSC-SB presented irregular, dense, sheet-like films linked by random-coiled filaments under scanning electron microscopy. In addition, ASC-SB and PSC-SB could scavenge DPPH radical, hydroxyl radical, superoxide anion radical, and ABTS radical in a dose-dependent manner. Overall, the results indicate that collagens from the swim bladders of miiuy croaker are a viable substitute for mammalian collagen, with potential functional food and cosmeceutical applications.
Highlights
Collagen is the major structural protein in the connective tissue of vertebrates and constitutes about 30% of the total animal protein [1]
acid-soluble collagen (ASC)-SB and pepsin-soluble collagen (PSC-SB) had higher protein contents (94.25 ± 2.57 and 95.02 ± 3.04 g/100 g respectively) than that (74.31 ± 2.66 g/100 g) of swim bladders from miiuy croaker. These data indicated that the extraction process had effectively removed the impurities in swim bladders of miiuy croaker
Physicochemical property of ASC-SB and pepsin-soluble collagen (PSC)-SB confirmed that they were mainly composed of type
Summary
Collagen is the major structural protein in the connective tissue of vertebrates and constitutes about 30% of the total animal protein [1]. It has a unique triple-helical structure formed by three. Mar. Drugs 2018, 16, 161 polypeptide α-chains to form connective tissues and maintain the structural integrity of cells [1,2]. At least 29 types of collagen (type I-XXIX) have been isolated and identified from a variety of animal tissues, with each type of collagen having its own unique amino acid sequence, molecular structure, and biophysical properties [3]. The global demand for collagen has been continuously increasing over the years, with simple, sufficient, and cheaper supplies of collagen crucially needed
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