Preparation of Titanium Dioxide Films on Water Wheel for Domestic Wastewater Treatment

Abstract

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) was prepared by Sol-Gel technique that was coated on the grade 304-stainless steel. Effect of dip coated speed, number of coated cycles and annealed temperature on films properties were investigated. The optimum condition for film preparation was at dip coated speed of 0.12 cm/s, number of coated cycles of 20 cycles and annealed temperature of 500 °C. TiO2 film was crystal structure in anatase phase that had the main plane (101). Surface morphology of the TiO2 films formed grain that look like knobby shape. nanograin sizes were slightly difference that showed in the range of 10-50 nm. Under optimum condition, TiO2 film was used as photocatalyst to treat domestic wastewater. TiO2 film was coated on the paddles of water wheel and 24 paddles were used to create water wheel. Films surface area were contact to wastewater and the light around 0.504 m2 under working volume and working area of 0.0135 m3 and 0.09 m2, respectively. Under irradiation of the near UV with average intensity of 0.89 mW/cm2 over 24 hrs., and rotational speed of 17 rev/min. that were controlled by microcontroller box set. To compare treatment efficiency, uncoated TiO2 - water wheel (UTWW) was run in the same condition of coated TiO2 - water wheel (CTWW). The result showed that the CTWW had higher treatment efficiency than the UTWW. Especially for COD, TS, TDS and PO43-, CTWW had greater treatment efficiency than the UTWW that percentage difference were greater than 90%.