Abstract
Although silicon has highest specific capacity as anode for lithium-ion battery (LIB), its large volume change during the charge/discharge process becomes a great inevitable hindrance before commercialization. Metal silicides may be an alternative choice because they have the ability to accommodate the volume change by dispersing Si in the metal matrix as well as very good electrical conductivity. Herein we report on the suitability of lithium-ion uptake in C54 TiSi2 prepared by the “chemical oven” self-propagating high-temperature synthesis from the element reactants, which was known as an inactive metal silicide in lithium-ion storage previously. After being wrapped by graphene, the agglomeration of TiSi2 particles has been efficiently prevented, resulting in an enhanced lithium-ion storage performance when using as an anode for LIB. The as-received TiSi2/RGO hybrid exhibits considerable activities in the reversible lithiation and delithiation process, showing a high reversible capacity of 358 mAh/g at a current density of 50 mA/g. Specially, both TiSi2 and TiSi2/RGO electrodes show a remarkable enhanced electrochemical performance along with the cycle number, indicating the promising potential in lithium-ion storage of this silicide. Ex-situ XRD during charge/discharge process reveals alloying reaction may contribute to the capacity of TiSi2. This work suggests that TiSi2 and other inactive transition metal silicides are potential promising anode materials for Li-ion battery and capacitor.
Highlights
The fast development of portable electrical equipment and electric vehicle creates a daunting demand for energy storage devices with high energy and power densities [1]
The battery is based on lithium metal (−)|electrolyte|TiSi2 or TiSi2 /reduced graphene oxide (RGO) hybrid (+), and the electrolyte is 1 M LiPF6 in ethylene carbonate (EC)dimethyl carbonate (DMC)-methyl ethyl carbonate (EMC) solution
~100% in a few cycles and maintained stable in following cycles. This lithium ions storage of 920.0 Ω, suggesting the reduced graphene oxide improves the electronic conductivity improvement with cycling can be attributed to the continuous activation of TiSi2 by significantly and TiSi /RGO hybrid obtains a faster charge-transfer process as a result
Summary
The fast development of portable electrical equipment and electric vehicle creates a daunting demand for energy storage devices with high energy and power densities [1]. Due to the extremely high theoretical capacity (4200 mAh/g), silicon becomes one of the most attractive anode materials for lithium-ion battery [2,3,4]. It sustains from its low intrinsic electric conductivity and large structural volume changes during charge/discharge cycling [5]. Considering the low cost and remarkable potential in lithium-ion storage, we decided to explore the electrochemical performance of C54 TiSi2 as an anode for LIB. The battery performance of the TiSi2 and TiSi2 /RGO anodes were investigated in detail
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