Preparation of thiazolidin-4-one derivatives using ZnO–NiO–NiFe2O4 nano-composite system

Abstract

The hydrothermal synthesis of ZnO–NiO–NiFe2O4 nano-composite is reported. The sample was utilized to characterize via XRD, FE-SEM, EDS, FT-IR, UV–Vis, and BET techniques. The sample consisted of three different phases as ZnO (hexagonal), NiO (cubic), and NiFe2O4 (cubic) with the average particle size as 34 nm and specific surface area, average pore diameter, and pore volume as 64.35 m2 g−1, 13.02 nm, and 0.201 cm3 g−1, respectively. Catalytic behavior of the nano-composite was investigated on the synthesis of thiazolidin-4-one derivatives under thermal and ultrasonic irradiation condition. Our results show that the catalytic activity of ZnO–NiO–NiFe2O4 nano-composite is much higher than ZnO, NiO, and NiFe2O4 metal oxides. All products were prepared in high yields with short reaction times. In addition, the catalyst was recovered for at least five times.