Abstract
Stable Pd nanoparticles (PdNP) with a tunable size (3–15 nm) were synthesized by controlled chemical reduction of PdCl 2 with sodium citrate in water. The morphology of PdNP was characterized by transmission electron microscopy, while their stability in solution was verified by quasi-elastic light scattering and small-angle X-ray scattering. Intensive stirring of reacting mixture played a vital role in achieving reproducible particle sizes. Controlled changes of pH and initial concentrations were employed in fine-tuning particle size distributions. Finally, 10 nm PdNP were conjugated with goat anti-mouse IgG antibody as proved by electrophoresis (SDS–PAGE) and used for ultrastructural immunolabeling, which confirmed suitability of PdNP for multiple immunolabeling in biomedicine.
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