Abstract
Zinc, an essential trace element, has a stimulatory effect on bone formation. To enhance the osteoconduction of implant materials such as hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate (TCP), zinc was incorporated into them. In this study, we have synthesized spherical zinc-substituted TCP (Zn-TCP) powders using ultrasonic spray-pyrolysis technique, fabricated Zn-TCP ceramics, and characterized their powder properties. Four kinds of Zn-TCPs with various amounts of zinc content were prepared, to examine the influence of zinc addition to the crystal structure of TCP and to compare the different Zn-TCPs with each other. Zn-TCP ceramics were fabricated from the resulting powders under different sintering temperatures. Zn-TCP samples were analyzed and led to the following results: the resulting powders were composed ofα- andβ-TCP phases, whereas the fabricated ceramics mainly consisted ofβ-TCP phase. The determination of zinc content in the resulting powders and fabricated ceramics showed a maximum content of ~12 mol%. The resulting powders consisted of spherical particles with diameters <2 μm. The lattice constants of ceramics did not show a significant change of thea-axis,b-axis, andc-axis. The bulk density of Zn-TCPs showed their maximum at 1100°C, while the bulk density of Zn-TCP(0) was greatest at 1000°C.
Highlights
Both hydroxyapatite (HAp; Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) and tricalcium phosphate (TCP; Ca3(PO4)2) are known for their properties regarding the biocompatibility and osteoconductivity
zinc-substituted TCP (Zn-TCP)(5) and (15) ceramics were composed of β-TCP phase at 1100∘C. These results demonstrated that β-TCP phase in Zn-TCP ceramics could be obtained under 1100∘C
On the basis of the characterization of the synthesized ZnTCP powders and respective ceramics, it was possible to determine to what extent the incorporation of zinc ions in TCP structure influences the chemical properties of TCP
Summary
Both hydroxyapatite (HAp; Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) and tricalcium phosphate (TCP; Ca3(PO4)2) are known for their properties regarding the biocompatibility and osteoconductivity. Because of their composition, which is close to human hard tissues such as living bones and teeth, they can be used as bone graft substitute materials in medical treatment approaches [1]. The second one is a wet process or a liquid-phase reaction between calcium and phosphate ions under alkaline conditions. Both of the preparation methods have their advantages and disadvantages. For the preparation of stoichiometric apatite powders, the dry process seems to Journal of Nanomaterials
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