PREPARATION OF SALVIA OFFICINALIS L. EXTRACT AND STUDY OF ITS EFFECT ON SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL VARIABLES IN ALBINO RATS

Abstract

Salvia officinalis is one of the most valued herbs because of its high amount of essential oil and its many components. It has many health-related uses such as improving cognition, as well as reducing the amount of nursing mother's milk during weaning, also recommended for the gargling of the infectious throat, and to treat cardiovascular diseases and nervous disturbance, depression, cerebral ischemia and acts as an antiseptic for wounds. This study aim was to prepare the plant extract of Salvia officinalis L. from the Iraq local areas, determine its chemical properties and study its effect on some physiological and immunological variables in white rats. The plant leave Extract was Prepared and its effects were assessed on several physiological parameters using 20 male rats. The rats were divided into four groups. the control group(G1) received standard food and water; the negative control group (G2) received fat rich diet; G3 rats were given Salvia officinalis with a concentration of 100 mg\ kg\day. G4: rats were given Salvia officinalis 100mg/kg body weight and received fat rich diet. Roche/Hitachi, cobas c 501/502 were used to evaluate the levels of aminotransferase Enzymes, Aspartate transaminase (AST), Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase enzyme (ALP), serum creatinine, serum urea, total protein, albumin, cholesterol, triglyceride, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL). While Globulin concentration, very Low-Density Lipoprotein (VLDL), and Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) were calculated according to some referred equations. The phytochemical analysis showed that the compounds identified in the sample were found to be alkaloids, phenols, tannins, coumarins glycosides, flavonoids, quinines, Carbohydrates and steroids. The results showed a significant increase (P <0.01) in the level of liver enzymes ALT, AST and ALP, in the G2 treated with the high fat diet compared with a control group and showed a significant increase (P <0.01) in the level of urea an