Abstract
By using the two-step activated swelling method, monodisperse porous poly(styrene-divinylbenzene) (P(S-DVB)) microparticles were successfully synthesized. The influence of porogens, swelling temperatures and crosslinking agents on the porosity of porous microparticles was carefully investigated. Porous P(S-DVB) microparticles were used as a packing material for high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Several benzene analogues were effectively separated in a stainless-steel column as short as 75 mm due to the high specific surface area of the porous microparticles. Porous P(S-DVB) microparticles were further sulfonated and subsequently modified with diazoresin (DR) via electrostatic self-assembly and UV (ultraviolet) radiation. After treatment with UV light, the ionic bonding between sulfonated P(S-DVB) and DR was converted into covalent bonding through a unique photochemistry reaction of DR. Depending on the chemical structure of DR and mobile phase composition, the DR-modified P(S-DVB) stationary phase performed different separation mechanisms, including reversed phase (RP) and hydrophilic interactions. Therefore, baseline separations of benzene analogues and organic acids were achieved by using the DR-modified P(S-DVB) particles as packing materials in HPLC. According to the π–π interactional difference between carbon rings of fullerenes and benzene rings of DR, C60 and C70 were also well separated in the HPLC column packed with DR-modified P(S-DVB) particles.
Highlights
In the last few decades, a lot of investigation has been done on the synthesis and properties of porous P(S-DVB) beads
A lot of research has been conducted to study the different properties of monodisperse polystyrene microspheres with porous structure [4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11], since they have high specific surface area, tunable pore morphology, mechanical stability and strong adsorption [12,13,14]
The DR surface modification contributed to the high efficiency of the P(S-DVB)-4 stationary phase for mix-mode
Summary
In the last few decades, a lot of investigation has been done on the synthesis and properties of porous P(S-DVB) beads. A lot of research has been conducted to study the different properties of monodisperse polystyrene microspheres with porous structure [4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11], since they have high specific surface area, tunable pore morphology, mechanical stability and strong adsorption [12,13,14]. The widely-used techniques for the synthesis of porous P(S-DVB) beads include activated swelling [15], seeded emulsion polymerization [16], precipitation polymerization [17], template imprinting [18,19] and membrane techniques [20,21].
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