Preparation of Pb(Zr, Ti)O<sub>3</sub> by Oxalate Method in Ethanol Solution (Part 2)

Abstract

Pd(Zr0.5Ti0.5)O3 (PZT) was prepared by calcining the oxalates which were co-precipitated by addition of a Pb, Zr, Tiaqueous solution to oxalic acid in ethanol. Particle size and crystallinity were strongly influenced by the preparation conditions, such as reaction temperature, excess amount of oxalic acid, and addition rate of both metallic component solution and ammonia solution. The addition of an ammonia solution was necessary in order to precipitate completely the metallic componens. The PZT powders were characterized by means of X-ray diffractometry, SEM observation, and measurement of particle size distribution. Lowering the reaction temperature decreased the particle size and increased the relative amount of tetragonal perovskite phase. When the oxalation temperature was 5°C, for instance, the particle size was around 0.15μm after calcining at 800°C, and tetragonal single phase, the c/a value of which was 1.029 agreed with the reference, was obtained by calcining at 1000°C. On the other hand, the rapid addition of metallic component solution, the slow addition of ammonia solution and the use of oxalic acid in 10mol% excess had an effect to produce the finely particulated powders.