Abstract
In order to prepare parabolic superhydrophobic materials, copper meshes were used as the substrate and ultrasonic etching and oxidative corrosion were carried out with FeCl3 solution and H2O2 solution, respectively, and then the surface was modified with stearic acid (SA). The topological structure and surface wettability of the prepared mesh were characterized by fluorescence microscope, scanning electron microscopy and contact angle measurement. Finally, the as-prepared copper meshes were applied to oil-water separation. The results showed that the micro-nano-mastoid structure on the surface of the copper mesh was flaky bulges, forming a rough structure similar to a paraboloid. When the oxidative corrosion time of H2O2 was 1 min, it is more beneficial to increase the hydrophobicity of the surface of the copper mesh and increase the contact angle of water droplets on the surface of the membrane. Additionally, based on superhydrophobic materials of the parabolic copper mesh, the static contact angles of the water droplets, engine oil and carbon tetrachloride with the surface were approximately 153.6°, 5° and 0.1°, respectively and the sliding angle of the water droplets with the surface were approximately 4.9°. The parabolic membrane was applied to discuss the separation efficiency of different oils with deionized water and the separation efficiency was obtained as benzene > carbon tetrachloride > oil > machine oil. Therefore, based on the research, the parabolic superhydrophobic material has good efficiency of oil-water separation.
Highlights
In recent years, inspired by the hydrophobic phenomenon of plants and insects, scholars all over the world pay attention to superhydrophobic materials because of their wide application prospects [1,2,3,4]
It is necessary to carry out gold spray on the surface of the sample before the test, which can well observe the microscopic morphology of the copper mesh surface and enhance the conductivity of the sample and the sample was fixed on the sample stage to observe
By measuring the wettability of water droplets, engine oil and carbon tetrachloride on two kinds of membranes, it was shown that the microscopic morphology of the surface of the material directly affected the contact angles (CAs), the hydrophobic and lipophilic properties of the material affected by itsofCAs
Summary
In recent years, inspired by the hydrophobic phenomenon of plants and insects, scholars all over the world pay attention to superhydrophobic materials because of their wide application prospects [1,2,3,4]. Various methods, including electrospinning [22,23], chemical vapor deposition [24,25] and one-step coating [26,27] have been reported for constructing superhydrophobic membranes with a micro–nano structure [28] Most of these methods focused on the specific coating technology of hydrophobic materials. Cao and co-workers [32] fabricated super-wettable surfaces on copper mesh and copper foam by etching with H2 O2 and HNO3 and immersed them into AgNO3 solution, the Cu@Ag films were formed on copper substrates and exhibited superhydrophilicity and underwater superoleophobicity This method is more effective for constructing a surface roughness structure, the etching solution is often harmful to the environment. The parabolic copper mesh was applied to oil-water separation and the relationship between superhydrophobic surface contact angle and oil-water separation efficiency was studied for different density oils
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