Abstract
Porous nanocrystalline TiO2 films have been prepared on cp-Ti substrates for biomedical usage by a sol–gel process from the solutions containing polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a template. Variations of the crystal structure with heat-treatment temperature determined by XRD are different for TiO2 films and powders, due to the effect of titanium substrate. The surface texture of porous TiO2 films is analyzed by means of SEM and found to greatly depend on the concentration and molecular weight of PEG. The pore formation mechanism is discussed in relation to the self-assembly of PEG and phase separation between PEG adsorbed on TiO2 oligomers and ethanol.
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