Abstract
The purpose of this study is Preparation of nano iron oxide coated activated sludge granules and its adsorption properties for Cd (II) ions in aqueous solutions. Activated sludge as biosorbent was modified using nano iron oxide coating and examined for removal of cadmium ions from aqueous solutions. The effect of parameters including amount of coating, contact time, solution pH, initial Cd concentration and adsorbent dosage was evaluated in batch experiments. The results showed that percentage removal of 91.6 was achieved by using modified sludge at alkaline pH 9 and contact time 120 min. The uptake of cadmium was best described by Langmuir-Freundlich isotherms. The kinetic study revealed that Cd (II) adsorption was in agreement with pseudo second-order equation. The Cd (II) loaded and unloaded granules were analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Based on the obtained results, the modified activated sludge granules with nano iron oxide are an efficient adsorbent for removal of cadmium ions as inorganic water and wastewater pollutant.
Highlights
IntroductionCadmium is one of the most toxic pollutants that naturally exist in the environment
Among heavy metals, cadmium is one of the most toxic pollutants that naturally exist in the environment
Preparation of sludge: Sewage sludge used in the present study was prepared from an industrial wastewater treatment plant of UASB system
Summary
Cadmium is one of the most toxic pollutants that naturally exist in the environment. Human activities such as mining (Meitei and Prasad, 2013) metallurgical alloying (Rao and Kashifuddin, 2012) ceramics manufacturing (Javadian et al, 2013) and cadmium-nickel battery manufacturing (Givianrad et al, 2013) are the major cause of Cd occurring in water bodies. One of the major techniques for removal of heavy metals from water and wastewater is adsorption This technology has received growing attention because of advantageous such as high efficiency, simple and flexible operation (Hua et al, 2012; Karami, 2013) sludge-free operation and possibility of media regeneration (Zhang et al, 2003)
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