Abstract
A new type of waterproofing composite emulsion with high silane content and good economic efficiency was synthesized by sol synthesis. The effects of the amount and proportion of the compound emulsifier, amount of tetraethyl orthosilicate, and mixing time on the properties of the emulsifier were investigated. The optimum conditions for the synthesis of a tetraethyl orthosilicate/isobutyl triethoxysilane emulsion were determined. The composite emulsion was characterized by infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive spectrometry, along with a series of microscopic testing techniques. It was verified that the composite emulsion was coated on the surface of the paste to form a hydrophobic protective layer. The results show that the composite emulsion can achieve a permeability and impervious effect after coating the concrete material, and microhardness tests prove that the composite emulsion will not reduce the surface hardness of cement-based materials.
Highlights
As one of the most used materials in the construction industry, research on the durability of concrete, and its working and mechanical properties in the process of its production and application, has attracted more and more attention in recent years [1,2]
Tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and isobutyl silane emulsion were synthesized by the sol–gel synthesis method, and results show that the waterproof effect, gas permeability, and surface strength of concrete are enhanced by this method, all of which contribute to the further improvement of concrete durability
Through the research performed in this study, the preparation method of modified silane composite emulsion was confirmed and the surface properties of cement-based materials were tested
Summary
As one of the most used materials in the construction industry, research on the durability of concrete, and its working and mechanical properties in the process of its production and application, has attracted more and more attention in recent years [1,2]. In addition to the external environment and external load, damage to the concrete itself, including holes and microcracks, is the main factor causing a reduction of durability [3,4,5] Through these types of damage, harmful substances and ions can invade into the concrete with water as the carrier, resulting in neutralization, freeze–thaw loss, sulfate erosion, and other durability reductions [6,7,8]. Combined with the advantages and disadvantages of isobutyl triethoxysilane emulsion and TEOS, in this paper an attempt is made to prepare a new composite silane material that is waterproof and breathable and that can improve the surface strength of cementbased materials by sol–gel synthesis. TEOS and isobutyl silane emulsion were synthesized by the sol–gel synthesis method, and results show that the waterproof effect, gas permeability, and surface strength of concrete are enhanced by this method, all of which contribute to the further improvement of concrete durability.
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