Preparation of modified graphyne to detect genotoxic impurities in gefitinib: Effects of ionic liquid structures and carbon nanotube composite modes

Abstract

Seven kinds of ionic liquids (ILs) modified oxidized hydrogen-substituted graphyne (O-HsGY) were prepared and combined with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) by covalent and non-covalent modes. The effects of the structure of ILs and two different CNTs composite modes on the structure and properties of the materials were investigated. A series of characterization methods were used to systematically study the physical and chemical properties of the materials. The genotoxic impurity 2-chloro-1-fluoro-4-nitrobenzene was extracted from gefitinib by the prepared adsorbent and quantitatively analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. The experimental results showed that the longer the alkyl chain of the ILs, the greater the adsorption capacity of the modified material to the target. The composite mode of carbon nanotubes determined its distribution state, which in turn determined the strength of the interaction between the composite material and the target. Under the optimized conditions, 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazole hexafluorophosphate modified graphyne interacted more strongly with the target, with average recovery of 97.2–100.4% of the target substance. Because surface CNTs impeded ILs adsorption, the average recoveries of covalent and non-covalent composites fell to 96.1–99.5% and 95.9–101.6%, respectively. The above results showed that 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate modified graphene had the strongest adsorption performance for the target, while the adsorption properties of the material decreased after composite CNTs.