Abstract
The polymerization rate, control/livingness, and particle morphology in seeded activators generated by electron transfer for the atom-transfer radical polymerization of styrene with PiBMA-Br macroinitiator particles were investigated at 70, 90, and 110 degrees C. At 110 degrees C, the polymerization proceeded quickly until 60% conversion was reached, but control/livingness was not observed. This seems to be the reason for the high activation rate and spontaneous initiation of styrene, which significantly increased the radical concentration, resulting in a number of radical terminations. As a result, the block copolymer was not sufficiently formed, leading to a sea-island structure. However, at 70 and 90 degrees C, the polymerizations were almost complete in 14 and 7 h, respectively. Control/livingness was maintained, resulting in PiBMA-b-PS. As a result, onionlike multilayered particles were successfully synthesized. These polymerization behaviors were discussed from the viewpoint of the radical concentration and propagation rate coefficient at various temperatures.
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