Preparation of mangosteen extract-loaded poly(vinyl acetate) for use as an antibacterial spray-on dressing

Abstract

In this study, we developed a poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc) spray-on film containing mangosteen extract (MG/PVAc film) as a bioactive wound dressing. The 2% w/v of PVAc film was prepared by dissolution with ethyl acetate: ethanol: propanol in a ratio of 30:50:20. On this basis, mangosteen extract at 1%, 2% and 3% w/v was selected for further inclusion in a PVAc film, with good antimicrobial activity. Furthermore, the measurement of drug release from the MG/PVAc film, antibacterial activity, and in vitro biocompatibility was assessed in L929 mouse fibroblasts, keratinocyte (HaCat) cells and normal human fibroblasts (NHFs). The cumulative release of mangosteen extract was found to be 30.30–48.80% of the total load after 60 h in an acetate buffer solution and 41.13–49.96% in a phosphate buffer solution. A higher concentration of mangosteen extract added into the PVAc film led to a greater drug release. The combination of mangosteen extract (MG) was shown to improve the antimicrobial efficacy compared to that of the control. The cytotoxicity evaluation showed that the MG/PVAc films did not interfere with the cells and were non-cytotoxic. Based on our results, we suggest that a MG/PVAc film spray can serve as an antibacterial wound dressing.