Preparation of IgG imprinted polymers by metal-free visible-light-induced ATRP and its application in biosensor

Abstract

Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is related to the occurrence of many diseases, such as measles and inflammatory. In this paper, IgG imprinted polymers (IgGIPs) were fabricated on the surface of nano Au/nano Ni modified Au electrode (IgGIPs/AuNCs/NiNCs/Au) via metal-free visible-light-induced atom transfer radical polymerization (MVL ATRP). The IgGIPs were prepared by IgG conjugated with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC-IgG) as both a template and a photocatalyst. After the templates were removed, the photocatalysts (FITC) would not remain in the polymer and avoided all the effect of catalysts on the electrode. The fabricated electrodes were examined by cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Under the optimized conditions, IgGIPs/AuNCs/NiNCs/Au was prepared and used as an electrochemical biosensor. The biosensor could be successfully applied for the determination of IgG by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) measurement. The results showed that the proposed biosensor displayed a broader linear range and a lower detection limit for IgG determination when it was compared to those similar IgG sensors. The linear range from 1.0 × 10−6 mg L−1 to 1.0 × 101 mg L−1 was obtained with a low detection limit (LOD) of 2.0 × 10−8 mg L−1 (S/N = 3). Briefly, the biosensor in this study introduced an easy and non-toxic method for IgG determination and also provided a progressive approach for designing protein imprinted polymers.