Abstract
Nano-silica dispersion was generated in situ through the hydrolysis and condensation of tetraethyl orthosilicate with methyl methacrylate and butyl acrylate in micelles as dispersing media, hydrochloric acid as catalyst and methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane as modifier. Then, the nano-silica/fluorinated polyacrylate composite latexes were prepared via emulsion polymerization directly using the in situ generated nano-silica dispersion as seeds. Dodecafluoroheptyl methacrylate (DFHMA) as functional monomer was incorporated into shell layer of the composite particles by semi-continuous starved condition at the second stage. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy indicated that silica was generated in situ and DFHMA took part in the copolymerization. Transmission electron microscopy showed uniform composite latex particle morphology and obvious core–shell structure. Dynamic light scattering demonstrated that DNS-86 could control the composite latex particle size ranging from 90 to 180 nm. DFHMA had an important effect on the particle size. Zeta potential (ζ) revealed that the composite latex had good stability. The resulted composite films were characterized by angle-resolved X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, contact angle measurements and thermo-gravimetric analysis. The well-tailored composite latex particle structure of nano-silica core and fluorinated polyacrylate can effectively improve the hydrophobicity of the resultant films. Water contact angle could reach 123.5° when 6 wt% DFHMA was incorporated in the film. Moreover, water contact angles remained 106° after water immersion in the range of the experimental sample films. In addition, the incorporation of fluorinated monomer and nano-silica contributed to the improvement of thermal stability of the composite film.
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