Abstract
Fe3O4/carbon microspheres (Fe3O4/C) were prepared by a facile hydrothermal reaction using cellulose and ferric trichloride as precursors. The resultant composite spheres have been investigated as anode materials for the lithium-ion batteries, and they show high capacity and good cycle stability (830mAhg−1 at a current density of 0.1C up to 70 cycles), as well as enhanced rate capability. The excellent electrochemical performance is attributed to the high structural stability and high rate of ionic/electronic conduction arising from the porous character and the synergetic effect of the carbon coated Fe3O4 structure and conductive carbon coating.
Highlights
Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have generated great interest because of the impact of portable electronic devices
Transition metal oxides have been considered as promising high-performance anode materials for LIBs due to their lower cost, relative safety, environmental friendliness and high energy density
Many approaches have been employed to solve these problems, one is the preparation of nano-sized material, such as nanorings, nanospindles, hollow spheres, nanowires, nanorods, and nanoflowers, The particles with hollow and porous structure can partially alleviate the mechanical stress caused by large volume change, and provide the large surface-to-volume ratio and small lithium ion/electron diffusion distance, which can improve the electrochemical performance of
Summary
Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have generated great interest because of the impact of portable electronic devices. Transition metal oxides have been considered as promising high-performance anode materials for LIBs due to their lower cost, relative safety, environmental friendliness and high energy density. The large specific surface area and the micropores of active carbon can help to fix the Fe3O4 particles formed under the solvothermal condition and to accommodate the volume change of Fe3O4 particles occurring in the lithium ion insertion/extraction process. The cellulose microspheres can help to support the Fe3O4 nanoparticles under solvothermal condition, preventing the aggregation of Fe3O4 nanoparticles as a physical barrier They can be converted into porous carbon by calcination and conated on the surface of the Fe3O4 particles, improving the local conductivity as a conductive network, and providing void to accommodate the volume change of the Fe3O4 nanoparticles during the Li ion insertion/extraction process due to its large specific surface area and the micropores. As shown in the results, the prepared Fe3O4@C composite exhibits exceptional capacity retention and good cycling stability
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