Abstract
A novel modified ion selective electrode based on Fe2O3-clorprenaline/tetraphenylborate nanospheres (Fe2O3-CLPT NSs) as electroactive materials for the determination of clorprenaline hydrochloride (CLP) is described. The α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared by hydrothermal synthesis, then self-assembled on CLP/tetraphenylborate (TPB) to form Fe2O3-CLPT NSs, which were used as a potentiometric electrode for analyte determination innovatively. The Fe2O3-CLPT NSs modified electrode exhibited a wider concentration range from 1.0 × 10−7 to 1.0 × 10−1 mol/L and a lower detection limit of 3.7 × 10−8 mol/L compared with unmodified electrodes. The selectivity of the modified electrode was evaluated by fixed interference method. The good performance of the modified electrode such as wide pH range (2.4–6.7), fast response time (15 s), and adequate lifetime (14 weeks) indicate the utility of the modified electrode for evaluation of CLP content in various real samples. Finally, the modified electrode was successfully employed to detect CLP in pork samples with satisfactory results. These results demonstrated the Fe2O3-CLPT NSs modified electrode to be a functional and convenient method to the field of potentiometry determination of CLP in real samples.
Highlights
Clorprenaline hydrochloride (CLP, Fig. 1a) is a type of β2-adrenergic agonist that is implicated in bronchial expansion and has been shown to be an effective therapeutic drug for the treatment of asthma [1, 2]
Since previous reports have indicated that clorprenaline hydrochloride (CLP) can lead to the production of leaner meat, it has been used as common feed supplements to increase feed efficiency and muscle tissue in livestock
Characterization The composition and purity of the as-prepared Fe2O3 NPs were examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)
Summary
Clorprenaline hydrochloride (CLP, Fig. 1a) is a type of β2-adrenergic agonist that is implicated in bronchial expansion and has been shown to be an effective therapeutic drug for the treatment of asthma [1, 2]. Potentiometric sensors possess advantages such as fast response times, simple instrumentation, ease of operation, low cost, and reasonable selectivity. For these reasons, the potentiometric sensor is a promising potential method for the determination of CLP. As reported in the literatures, the linear range and detection limits of potentiometric sensors modified with nanomaterials have been improved by several orders of magnitudes compared to their unmodified counterparts [15–17]. We present a strategy for the use of Fe2O3 nanoparticles (NPs) as modifiers of potentiometric sensors for CLP determination. The modified electrode was applied as an indicator electrode for the convenient and rapid potentiometric determination of CLP in pork samples
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