Preparation of composites with globular carbon nanoparticles distributed in an amorphous carbon matrix

Abstract

Carbon composite materials based on nanoglobular carbon distributed in the volume of a porous carbon matrix were prepared. A reactive polymer with a conjugated system—polyvinylene chloride, which is formed upon the dehydrochlorination of chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, a carbon-chain perchloropolymer—was used as the precursor of porous carbon. Globular carbon, which was prepared by the thermal oxidative pyrolysis of heavy catalytic cracking gas oil, was dispersed in the reaction medium in the synthesis of polyvinylene chloride. The thermal treatment of the resulting compositions in an atmosphere of CO2 to 900°C led to the formation of carbon-carbon micro-mesoporous nanocomposites, as confirmed by transmission electron-microscopic data and pore structure parameters determined using an adsorption method. It was found that nanoglobular carbon exerted a clearly pronounced nucleating effect on the formation of a carbon structure from a polymer precursor.