Preparation of cellulose particles using an ionic liquid

Abstract

Cellulose is a ubiquitous natural fiber used in various industrial materials and applications. We prepared micron-sized cellulose particles by the solvent releasing method (SRM) in which cellulose–[Bmim]Cl–N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) droplets are dispersed in hexadecane (HD) containing dissolved surfactant. The dispersion is then poured into a large amount of 1-butanol. Since 1-butanol is miscible with HD, [Bmim]Cl, and DMF but not with cellulose, the cellulose particles precipitate out. FTIR and 1H NMR analyses confirmed that this technique precipitated cellulose and completely removed [Bmim]Cl and DMF from the cellulose–[Bmim]Cl–DMF droplets. Interestingly, the obtained cellulose particles were almost the same size as the original droplets (cellulose, 7wt%), indicating a microporous structure of the cellulose particles with a large medium content. Although the microporous structure collapsed as the medium evaporated, it was maintained by a freeze-drying technique.