Preparation of CaMgAl-LDHs and mesoporous silica sorbents derived from blast furnace slag for CO2 capture.

Abstract

High volume blast furnace slag (BFS) resulting from iron-making activities has long been considered a burden for the environment. Despite considerable research efforts, attempts to convert BFS into high value-added products for environmental remediation are still challenging. In this study, calcium–magnesium–aluminium layered double hydroxides (CaMgAl-LDHs) and ordered mesoporous silica material (MCM-41) sorbents were simultaneously synthesized from BFS, and their CO2 adsorption performance was evaluated. Calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and aluminium (Al) were selectively extracted from BFS using hydrochloric acid. Leaching conditions consisting of 2 mol L−1 acid concentration, 100 °C leaching temperature, 90 min leaching time and a solid-to-liquid ratio of 40 g L−1 achieved a high leaching ratio of Ca, Mg and Al at 88.08%, 88.59% and 82.27%, respectively. The silica-rich residue (SiO2 > 98.6 wt%) generated from the leaching process could be used as a precursor for MCM-41 preparation. Chemical composition, surface chemical bonds, morphology and textural properties of the as-synthesized CaMgAl-LDHs and MCM-41 sorbents were determined. Both the CaMgAl-LDHs and MCM-41 sorbents were found to be thermally stable and exhibited comparable adsorption uptake and rates over 20 CO2 adsorption/desorption cycles. This work demonstrated that a total solution for the utilisation of BFS can be achieved and the resulting valuable products, i.e. CaMgAl-LDHs and MCM-41 are promising sorbents for CO2 capture.