Abstract
An exopolysaccharides/calcipotriol (EPS/CPT) emulsion was prepared using bacterial EPS as emulsifier, sunflower oil as an oil phase and CPT as the loaded drug, and the effect of this emulsion on psoriasis vulgaris treatment was evaluated. An EPS composed of mannose (70.56%) and glucose (29.44%) was obtained from the marine mangrove bacteria Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ZWJ (Zhu Wenjing) strain. The EPS has significant emulsifying activity at the concentration of 1.5%. The prepared EPS/CPT emulsion has small and stable particle size, with a drug content of 0.00492%, and good spreading properties. The in vitro drug release results revealed that the emulsion showed a certain sustained release effect. In vitro and in vivo animal experiments show that the EPS/CPT emulsion can effectively treat psoriasis vulgaris by increasing the accumulation of CPT in psoriatic skin lesions and reducing the levels of inflammatory cells and inflammatory factors (TNF and IL6). Additionally, it has a certain effect on reducing the side effects associated with CPT. This study lays a foundation for the research of EPS in the topical application of medical materials and treatment of psoriasis.
Highlights
The treatment and prevention of psoriasis is currently one of the major research topics in dermatology
The ZWJ strain and B. amyloliquefaciens DQ993675.1 segregated into a cluster, and their high homology and close evolutionary distance indicate that ZWJ strain belongs to the B. amyloliquefaciens species
In the B. amyloliquefaciens sc-1 strain isolated from ready-to-eat sliced apple grown in Luria–Bertani (LB) medium with 1.0% glucose as fermentation medium, two EPSs composed of glucose: mannose: galactose: arabinose (15:4:2:1) and glucose: mannose (3:1) were obtained, and the molecular weight (Mw) were 0.796 × 105 Da and 1.98 × 105 Da, respectively [12]
Summary
The treatment and prevention of psoriasis is currently one of the major research topics in dermatology. The use of topical agents to inhibit KC cell proliferation and differentiation is an important means for the treatment of psoriasis vulgaris [2]. Calcipotriol (CPT) is a first-line topical drug for the clinical treatment of psoriasis vulgaris. It is a synthetic derivative of calcitriol, the active form of vitamin D, which can bind to the vitamin D receptor to exert a gene regulatory effect leading to the attenuation of the abnormal proliferation and differentiation of KCs. CPT inhibits the inflammatory response and reduces the number of T cells in psoriatic lesions [3]. In order to avoid these side effects, topical preparations with moisturizing properties are often used in combination with long-term use in the clinical treatment of psoriasis [4]
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