Abstract

Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology is now widely used in biomedical developments. Especially, photo-curing systems provide high resolution and precision. The current goal of biomedical 3D printing technology is the printing of human organs, but the current commercial photo-curable materials generally have high mechanical strength that cannot meet the mechanical properties of the object to be printed. In this research, a gastric model was printed using a photo-curing 3D printing technique. To mimic the wrinkle pattern of human gastric tissue, cis-1,4 polyisoprene with different reactive diluents was mixed and identified a formulation that produced a print with human gastric softness. This research discussed the effect of the Young’s modulus of the material and elucidated the relationship between the degree of conversion rate and viscosity. After modifying the cis-1,4 polyisoprene surface from hydrophobic to hydrophilic, we then evaluated its adhesion efficiency for gastric mucin and the gastrointestinal-inhabiting bacterium Helicobacter pylori.

Highlights

  • After adding 3% thermoplastic polyolefin (TPO), the resins were stirred at room temperature at 200 rpm

  • The day, H. pylori bacterial solution was added to the gastric model, and the model was subsequently treated as described for the first treatment method

  • As IR has a very high viscosity (35,000 cp) [15], it is unsuitable for use in photo-curing 3D printing

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Summary

Introduction

Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Those methods were lack of soft and biomimetic properties [11]. The 3D printing process ensures high consistency of each batch of experimental samples, avoids damage to living samples during experiments, and increases the diversity of results This method accords with humanitarianism ideals and avoids complicated human experimentation [12]. The hydrophilicity of the intrinsically hydrophobic IR is improved by modifying the material surface, and its adhesion efficiency for gastric mucin and Helicobacter pylori are evaluated

Materials and Methods
Preparation of Photo-Curing Resin with IR
Viscosity Measurements of the Photo-Curing Resin
Stretch Properties of the Photo-Curing Resin
Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer Analysis
Resin Printing Formability
Surface Modification of the Photo-Curing Resin
2.11. Evaluation of the Antibacterial Effect of the 2D and 3D Models
2.12. Statistical Analysis
Effect of Diluent Monomers and IR on the Resin Rheology
Analysis of the Mechanical Properties of the Materials
Resin Printability
Conversion Rates of the Photo-Curing Resins
Resin-Surface Modification
In Vitro Test of Helicobacter pylori
Evaluation of Antibacterial Effect in the 2D and 3D Models
The anti-bacterial
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