Abstract
In this study, the peptides of soy protein obtained by enzymatic digestion with proteases were analyzed for their antidiabetic, antihypertensive, and antioxidant activities. Peptides prepared with alkaline proteinase (AP) exhibited the highest α‐glucosidase inhibitory activity compared with those from papain and trypsin digestion. AP hydrolysates also exhibited dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP‐IV) inhibitory, angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory, and antioxidant activities. Gastrointestinal digestion of peptides enhanced α‐glucosidase, DPP‐IV, and ACE inhibitory activities compared with AP hydrolysates. AP peptides showing highest α‐glucosidase inhibitory activity were purified by anion‐exchange and size‐exclusion chromatography， and identified using tandem MS. We found three novel α‐glucosidase inhibitory peptides with sequences LLPLPVLK, SWLRL, and WLRL with IC50 of 237.43 ± 0.52, 182.05 ± 0.74, and 162.29 ± 0.74 μmol/L, respectively. Therefore, peptides hydrolyzed from soy protein are promising natural ingredients for nutraceutical applications assisting in the management of diabetes.
Highlights
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common chronic metabolic disorder characterized by dysregulation of blood glucose and has been considered as a major global health issue and in the future
During all three enzymolysis processes, the degrees of hydrolysis (DH) of hydrolysates increased with hydrolysis time, and the DH of hydrolysates released by papain and trypsin reached 5.92 ± 1.31% and 8.10 ± 0.82%, respectively
This result was similar to the study on soy protein hydrolysates by Hrckova et al, and they obtained 35.1% of DH value after 8‐hr hydrolysis time with alkaline proteinase (AP) (Hrckova, Rusnakova, & Zemanovic, 2002)
Summary
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common chronic metabolic disorder characterized by dysregulation of blood glucose and has been considered as a major global health issue and in the future. It is predicted that the number of patients with diabetes will increase from 350 million today to 592 million by 2035 (Lee et al, 2016). Management of T2DM normally involves lifestyle modification and pharmacologic therapy. Several drugs, which are approved to treat hyperglycemia in T2DM, are costly and have serious side effects. Glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) receptor agonists have been shown to increase the risk of kidney injury (Qaseem et al, 2017). The serious side effect and the toxicity associated with some therapeutic drugs indicate the demand for diet‐derived antidiabetic agents or approaches that are considered natural and safe.
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