Abstract

The formation of membranes by the phase inversion process is discussed. In this process a polymer solution is brought to phase separation by an exchange of solvent and nonsolvent. The structure of the membrane is the result of an interplay of phase separation and mass transfer. Typical morphological features of the membrane (skin, sponge structure, conical voids) are discussed in relation to the preparation procedure. It is shown that the skin layer is formed by gelation at increased polymer concentration, while liquid-liquid phase separation is responsible for the porous sublayer.

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