Abstract
The quaternary polymer was synthesized by radical polymerization and characterized by 1H NMR. The tests of critical associating concentration and SEM suggest that there is a multilayered and robust network structure in the polymer solution. An excellent elasticity in the polymer solution by the first normal stress difference, viscoelasticity, and thixotropy was observed. The critical crosslinker concentration of polymer with sodium dodecyl sulfate and its interaction mechanism were investigated. According to the reaction kinetics, the supramolecular structure had the lowest activation energy, stable network structure, and greater thermal stability. Then the polymer was employed in the fracturing fluid due to its excellent elasticity using the intermolecular forces, which showed superior sand suspension capacity by dynamic sand suspension measurement. Meanwhile, a theoretical analysis was proposed as to why polymer solution has excellent suspension and drag reduction properties. Therefore, this polymer could be an alternative in many fields, especially in fracking, which is significant for the development of oil and gas resources in deep wells.
Highlights
Fracturing fluid is typically employed to reconstruct oil and gas reservoirs in hydraulic fracturing [1]
With these considerations in mind, naturally, a quaternary polymer was designed in our group by copolymerizing acrylamide (AM), acrylic acid (AA), 4-isopropenylcarbamoyl-benzene sulfonic acid (AMBS), and N-(3-methacrylamidopropyl)-N,N-dimethyldodecan-1-aminium (DM-12), which was named HELV because the polymer solution exhibited high elasticity and low viscosity
The values for the elastic regimes are found to be less than those for the viscous regimes when the polymer concentration is at 0.1 wt % HELV
Summary
Fracturing fluid is typically employed to reconstruct oil and gas reservoirs in hydraulic fracturing (commonly referred to in the media as “frackinG00 ) [1]. Note that increasing the elasticity of a polymer solution works to reduce the friction caused by pumping the fluid, as the energy released in turbulent flow can be effectively absorbed and converted into the elastic potential energy of the molecular chain instead [18] With these considerations in mind, naturally, a quaternary polymer was designed in our group by copolymerizing acrylamide (AM), acrylic acid (AA), 4-isopropenylcarbamoyl-benzene sulfonic acid (AMBS), and N-(3-methacrylamidopropyl)-N,N-dimethyldodecan-1-aminium (DM-12), which was named HELV because the polymer solution exhibited high elasticity and low viscosity. A copolymer solution with low viscosity as well as high elasticity was developed by introducing a benzene ring, sulfonates, and long hydrophobic chains in the polymer structure In other words, this technical provided a good answer to the dilemma between increasing the viscosity of fracturing fluid to improve the proppant suspension capacity and large friction between liquids and pipelines. It is interesting and significant to investigate fracturing fluid which could be an alternative for the development of oil and gas resources in deep wells
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